Asbestosis is a disease of the lung with only one cause - exposure to asbestos. It is characterized by lace-like fibrosis (scarring) of the lung. This diffuse scarring is within the lung tissue itself. When found on the lining (also known as the "pleural lining") of the lung, the condition is referred to as "asbestos pleural disease". Pleural disease, characterized by thickening of the pleura or the formation of plaques, is one of the hallmarks of asbestos exposure, .

The diffuse scarring of the lung itself - also known as "interstitial fibrosis" - is the more dangerous form of the disease, because the scarring destroys the ability of the lung to breathe.

Diagnosis of the disease is made through clinical examination and chest x-ray. Preferably, the x-ray should be interpreted by a radiologist who is a certified "B" reader.

The disease may cause only mild discomfort early on, but as the disease progresses it may cause total disability or death. Pulmonary function tests and blood gas studies are used by clinicians to quantify the patient's degree of disability.

Though there is no cure for the disease, a pulmonary specialist can provide treatment, which will improve the quality of life for many patients.

Usually, a long and significant exposure to asbestos is necessary before development of the condition. And even then, the disease takes 10 or 15 years to manifest itself.

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